GraphCast

ML-based weather forecasting using graph neural networks. 10-day forecasts at 0.25° resolution in under 1 minute on a single TPU v4. Outperformed ECMWF HRES (the gold standard) on 90% of 1,380 verification targets.

Better tropical cyclone, atmospheric river, and extreme temperature prediction than traditional numerical weather models. Science 2023. By Lam et al. (DeepMind). Open-source.